hensley



My 8, i930. T. HENSLEY 1,7 9,950

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR MAKING ANNULAR LAMINATED BQDIES Filed Feb. 21, 1925' 3 Sheet-Sheet 1 MT/Mj July 8, 1930. w. T. HENSLEY 1,769,950

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR MAKING ANNULAR LAMINATED BODIES Filed Feb. 21, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIE-.2.

y 8, 1930. w. T. HENSLEY 1,769,950

.. Mmmn r I II III illll Patented July 8,

PATENT mm" WILLIAM r. mun, mnnnaroms, mmnu men or m moms 102. name armour. burnmrnn Bonnie Application fled February 21, 1925. Serial No. 10,7.

This invention relates to a method of and a machine for making annular laminated bodiesfrom strips of fibrous material of relatively brittle or frangible nature wound edgewise s for use in connection with the manufacture of pulleys, rolls and similar articles.

' Heretofore the britt Material suchas strawboard, coarse woodpulp paper, and man other relatively inexpensive materials of t is general nature, have losuch wearing qualities andoperating char-' acturistics that they can very satisfactorilybe used for forming pulley faces and the like.

e character of such materials and the difficulty of satisfactoril handlin them prevented extensive use t ereof for t e purposes contemplated by this invention.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide inexpensive annular bodies of suitable material for use as pulley .faces, hollow cylinders, rolls and-the li e.

A further object of my invention is to so form such annular bodies that the grain of the material from which the body is formed bears a definite relation to the surface of the article.

Another object of my invention is to pro-v vide a method of formin annular bodies by winding stri s of relative y inexpensive, brittle or frangi 1e material in ed ewise relation into an annular body for use or the purpose specified. i g a A further object of my invention is to provide a method of forming hollow cylindrical units of relatively -inexpensive,-highly compressed material, such units to be capable of assembl .to-form a pulley or roll face of any desire length.

An additional object of my invention is to provide a machine that will operate in accordance with the above method of winding to satisfactorily handle material of relativel fragile and brittle character, and that wil wind-such material edgewise spirally, a plurality of such spirals being later compressed into annular ;form, the successive turns ,of which are arranged in contacting or-nesting relation. 7 v V These and other objects will be apparent from the following description and annexed drawings, in which 'tiallg Fig.1 is a side. elevational view, shownparin section with parts broken away, of a mac ine for winding the laminae of annular bodies in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2vis a top plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an edge elevational view of a portion of the strip of material taken as it leaves the corrugating portion of the machine shown in Fig. 1. This view is taken substantially on line 33 of Fig. 2; v

F'g. 4 is an enlarged view of the chain fingers of one part of the corrugating mechamsm. y i

Fig. 5 shows a ortion of a strip of the cori-u ated material fore it is wound edgewise.

if. 6 shows a portion of astrip of materia with machine parts remove as it is being wound into an annular bod The strip is shown in slightl conical s ape to better indicate the waveike'edge ortions.

Fig. 7 is a lateral sectional view, with parts broken away, of a finished annular body constructed in accordance with my invention. 7

This invention may best be explained by first describing the machine for winding the spirals of the annular bodies and then exp aining the operation of the machine in conunction with the formation of them.

The machine illustrated in Fi s:

of thedrawings comprises a star ard I having an arm 2 which supports a roll 3 of fibrou's strip material, such as strawboard, coarse wood-pulp paper, or the like. This strip .material 18 wound edgewise by the machine into the winding compartment 5 by means of a combined winding and feedin mechanism 6 which co-operates with a suitable corru gating mechanism 7 to condition the strip of material and to carry the material to proper position in the winding ,com artment;

The co'rrugatingand feeding mec anism is operated at a. predetermined rate'relative to t e receiving power belt 8 through suitable gear transmisead 4 and is driven from ah sion mechanism which will hereinafter be explained in detail. The roll 3 may be of any suitablematerial, such as strawboard or paper of relatively coarse texture and inexpensive quality, or other inexpensive material of relatively frangible and wear-resisting nature. The roll of material may be mounted in any conventional. manner in order that the material may be satisfactorily delivered from the roll to the co-operating corrugating mechanism 7 and to the winding compartment by means of the combined winding and feeding mechanism 6. I

The mechanism 6 comprises a sprocket chain 9 which extends around a driving sprocket 10 and an idler sprocket 11 which is journaled on a supporting arm 12 carried by the standard 1. The chain 9 has a plurality) of laterally extending fin ers 13 carried the links of the chain an adapted to exten across and to en a e the stri 14 of material as-it is remove rom the r0 3.

The co-operating mechanism 7 comprises a driving sprocket 15 and an idler sprocket 16 around which extends a chain 17. The links of the chain 17 carry transverse fingers 18, which-underlie the strips 14 of material and respectively interfit and co-operate with corresponding fingers 13 which overlie -the strips 14 to thereby form successive corrugainsures the pin 19'.

tions in the stri 14 at each finger osition as the machine is operated. Botht e driv- -ing sprocket 15 and the idler sprocket 16 are journaled on the supporting arm 12.

Preferabl the fingers 18 carry rotatable sleeves or ro ers 18' to reduce the friction on the strip 14 as it is being corru ated.

The winding compartment 5, ormed in P the upper part of the standard 1, is preferably o cylindrical form, havin a cover portion 20 in which a slot 21 is ormed for receiving the stri 14 of material after it has been corrugate and shaped to annular form by the fin ers 13.

Carried ythe cover 20 is a plate or apron 20'- to underlie the strip 14' as it leaves the corrugating mechanism so that the stri will not buckle or get out of contact with the fin rs 13.

he receivin head 4 is arranged to be retated in accor ance with the rate at which the artially formed annulus 22is being built up y the machine. In order to secure the first ayer on the receiving head 4 a suitable clamp or clip1 4 may be provided and this rst strip being in the proper osition for receiving the corru ted succeeding layers in nested relation. e head 4 is removably secured to the npperend of a vertical screw shaft 23 by means of a removable. The lower end of the shaft 23 is threaded to engage a suitable split elevating nut 24.

.The pitch of the screw thread formed on 1,7ee,eso

. 2 the lower end of the shaft 23 dependsupon the space necessary for the receiving head serves as a keyway for engaging a suitable key 26 which is held within a beveled driving gear 27 which is slidably mounted on the shaft 23. The driving gear 27 has a thrust plate 28 mounted thereon, by means of which the driving gear is rotatably supported in a spider 29 formed in the standard 1.

The split elevating nut 24 is held in position in a suitable pocket 30 which is formed in a vertical sleeve 31 of the standard 1. A pair of opposed screws 32 serve to maintain the separate halves of the elevating nut 24 in operative position on the shaft 23.

In order to prevent twisting or displacement of the turns of material fed into the winding chamber, the uppermost turn of the partially formed annulus is maintained in substantially close relationship with the upper portion of the winding compartment in order that it will act as a guide for the strip of material being fed therein and maintain the successive layers in contacting and nest: ing relation.

he various parts of this machine are I driven from the power belt 8 through a driving pulley 35 that is mounted on a pick shaft 36. The jack shaft 36 is journaled in the arms 37 and 38 of the standard 1. An idler ulle 39 may be mounted on shaft 36. to whic the driving belt 8 may be shifted when the machine is to be stopped. One end of the jack shaft 36 has a beveled gear 40 mounted thereon that engages a beveled driving gear 27 by means of which the re: oeiving head 4 is operated. The other end oi the 'ack shaft 36 has a beveled gear 41 that is a apted to drive a vertical spur shaft 42 through a beveled gear 43. The vertical shaft 42 is journaled in a lug 44 Which 1s formed on the standard 1.

A manually operated clutch device 45 which is suitably mounted on the standard 1. and embodies clutch members 46 and 47 of conventional design that may be separated by the manipulation of asuitable handle to disengage the spur shaft 49 from the spur shaft 42. Y a Power is transmitted through the clutch device 45 to beveled gears 50 and 52 through which a horizontal spur shaft 51 is driven. The spur shafts 49 and 51 are suitably ournaled in a bracket 53 that is mounted on a support 1. The shaft 51 transmits power from the beveled gear 52 to a beveled gear Ill) 54 through beveled gear 55. The beveled 'ate with a mechanism in such manner that when the meaeeo ar 54 drives the conveyor k sprocket 10 t rough a vertical shaft 56 that is also jour naled in the bracket 53.

Power is also transmitted from the beveled gear 54 to theudriving s rocket 15 of the corrugatin mechanism t rough a beveled ar 57, t at is mounted on the end of' a orizontal spur shaft 58, intermeshing bevexplained by following the strip 14 of material from its position on the roll 3 through the corrugating mechanism and under t e feeding mechanism to its position in the winding chamber 5. The receiving head and the corrugating and feeding mechanisms are synchronously operated from the driving belt 8 when the clutch members 46 and 47 are engaged. The stri of material 14 passes from the roll 3 un er the fingers 13 of the feeding mechanism 6 and over the interfitting finglers 18 of the co-operating-corrugating mec anism 7.

As the flat strip of material 14 is unwound from the roll 3, it is engaged by thefingers 13 and the fingers 18 of the co-operating corrugating mechanism 7. The fingers 18 of the corrugating mechanism interfit and 00-0 erternate fingers 13 of the fee ing strip of material 14 passes between them the fingers18 of the corru ating mechanism engage the under side 0 the strip 14 of material and ress it in between adjacent fingers 13 of the eeding mechanism, as best shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing. This interfitting relation of the fingers 13 and 18 produces uniform folds or corru ations in the strip 14, gfleferably of such epth that they receive the gets 13 of the feeding mechanism which engage the strip of fran 'ble material 14 in many places along its ength to uniformly propelthe corrugated strip over the uppzr r face of the cover 20 of the winding cham which acts as a guide apron for maintaining the corrugated strip of materialin operating relation with the feeding fingers 1'3.

As the feeding mechanism 6 advances, it carries with it the stri 14 around the driving sprocket portion 10 w ere the fin rs assume a radial formation by reason 0 the movement of the'links of the chain 9 around the s rocket 10.1 This change in the relative position of the fingers causes the strip 14 to be ex- .the bee wa'rdly to compress the annu us.

tended alon its outer edge, resulting in the bending of t e strip to arcuate form rior to its introduction into the winding 0 amber 5 through the aperture 21 that is formed in of the chamber. The co-operation of the up r face of the cover 20 of the winding cham er with the feeding fingers 13, prevents any twisting of the corru ated strip; as

it is .fed into the windin cham er and overcomes any tendency of the strip to twistbecause of the edgewise curvature that it is forced to assume. I

As the curved portion ofthe strip 14 is fed into the winding chamber, it issuperposed on the artially formed annulus that is advanced by t e receiving head 4 in-accordance with Y the rate of feed bf the curved portion of the strip to the windin chamber through the operation of the fee fingers 13.

, Thepartially formed annulus is maintained in sufii'cientlyclose relationship to the cover 20 of the winding chamber to insure that the turns of the stri upon the revious y wound portion of the annulus an to prevent any tendency of the strip to twist as it is being assembled into annular form. v V

. The receiving head 4 is advanced in accordance with the .rate of feed of the arcuate formed strip to the windin chamber in order to insuresthat the relative y frangible material will be received into the winding chamber with minimum frictional resistance.

After the annulus 22 is built up to the desired degree, the strip 14 of material is severed and the remainder thereof is fed into the winding chamber. The annulus may then either be removed from the winding chamber or compressed within the chamber as is done in the machine herein disclosed. 'In order to prevent the. rotation of the receivin head 4 during the compressing operation, the pin 19 is removed from the reduced upper end of the shaft 23. The shoulder 23' of the shaft 23 engages the lower part of the receiving head 4 so that the latter ma be pushed up- The clutch members 46' and 47 are then disen a ed by movement of the clutch handle, an t e belt 8 is reversed in direction. By reversin the direction of operation of the jack she 36, the shaft 23 is operated by the driving belt 8 in such direction as to elevate the'head 40f the are superposed flatwise,

machine which now serves as a compressing I platen. The reverse operation of the elevatmg screw 23 causes the annular bod 22 to bevcom ressed to any desired degree yreason of its confinement in the winding chamber 5 between the cover portion 20 of the chamber and the winding head 4.

' A suitable binder may either be a plied to the strip of material as it leaves t e roll 3. or at any other stage in the operation in order that the binder may fix the compressed body-of material in its compressed condition.

The annular body may be removed from the winding chamber, after being consolidated into a composite mass, after a sin operating the screw 23 in a forward irection so that the head 4 is lowered to such position that the annular bodymay be emoved from the winding chamber.

If it is desired that the material of the annulus 22 be consolidated to greater density than can be obtained by operation of'the screw 23 as a compressing screw, then the annular body may be further consolidated by hydraulic pressure, with or without the ap-' plication of heat.

Inthe event that a phenol condensation product is used as a binder, it-may be desirable to solidify the annulus 22 under heat and pressure within any conventional form of external mold (not shown).

The flat-faced annulus which'is formed has many desirable characteristics. Strawboard or other material from which such an annulus is formed has excellent wear-resisting qualities as well as having surface characteristics that are particularly desirable when annular bodies of this nature are used as the powertransmitting face of pulleys and the like. The method of, forming a body of this character causes the density of the body to be much greater adjacent the inner surface of the annulus than adjacent the outer face thereof. The density of the material gradually increases from the outer portion to the inner portion of the annulus.

Strawboard and other non-metallic material of like character generally has a well defined grain that hascertain frictional characteristics that are very desirable when bodies formed from such material are used in power transmitting mechanism. If the grain of the strawboard extends transversely across the strip of material, then a pulley constructed in accordance with the above method of operation has the grain of the strawboard extending radially of the face of the pulley, thus presenting the grain of the material endwise to the contacting drive belt or drive surface in connection with which the pulley is used. It will also be understood that any other desired uniform arrangement of the grain of the material may be obtained by cutting the strips of material from. the sheet in such manner relative to the sheet material from which they are formed that the grain of the assembled annulus from which a drive pulley is subsequently manufactured, extends in such other definite, angular relation with respect to the face of the pulley as may be desired.

It will thus be seen that with my construction I am able to produce an annular body runs'lon itudinally of the strip 14 or transversely t erect or at some other angle, the grain. of the material of the strip, when wound into an annulus, will have a definite relation to the face of the annular body.

It will also be seen that the annular body will have a minimum density at its face and a maximum density at its center, and this may be varied to suit different conditions by changing the amount of compression to whic the annular body is subjected after it is built up in the winding chamber.

Incase the strawboard or material ,to'be corrugated and formed into annular bodies is of such character that it needs to be softened, this may be readily done by enclosing the roll in a steam chest 66, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, or by applying a steam jet to the strip where desired.

1. The method of forming a laminated annular body from a stri of relatively frangible fibrous material whic consists in forming a lurality of transverse folds in the stri curving the folded portion of the strip e ewise to arcuate form of substantially the ra ius of curvature assumed by the strip when consolidated into the finished annular body, causing the apices of said folds to be separated along a one edge of the strip, while positively holding the apices of said folds along the other edge of said strip in predetermined spaced relationship, superposing successive turns of the curved strip directly upon one another to thereby form an annular body, maintaining the plane of the strip material substantially at right angles to the axis of the body being formed, and greatly compressing the ody so formed after the application thereto of a suitable binder to form a composite annular body of varying degrees of density radially.

' 2. The method of forming an annular laminated body from a flat stri of fibrous, relatively frangible material aving the grain thereof extending substantially transversely of the'strip that consists in corru ating the strip, spreading the outer edge 0 the strip while positively holdin the apices of the corrugations along the ot er edge of said strip in predetermined spaced relationship, to thus bend the strip edgewise into arcuate form of the radius of curvature of the body being formed, continuousl feeding the bent ortion of the strip while maintaining it in at condition in substantially the plane of the grain thereof extending in a predetermined rection relative to the strip that consists in forming transverse corrugations in the stri changing the corrugations to decrease their depth along one edge of the strip while maintaining the strip substantially in the same general plane and while positively holdin the apices' of said corrugations along the ot er ed of said strip in predetermined spaced re ationship, continuously feeding'the edgewise-bent portion of the strip into an annulus, rotating the annulus at a rate determined by the rate at which the strip of material is sup lied to the annulus, compressing the body t us formed to materially condense the material thereof after the application thereto, of a binder adapted to fix the body 60 terial of arcuate form is introduced in such compressed condition.

'4. The method of forming arr annular body from sheet material having a defined grain that consists in cutting the material into strips extending in a predetermined direction relaa tive to the grain thereof, spreading one edge of the material and simultaneously su orting the strip toprevent twisting thereo coding the strlp and continuously winding it to form an annulus compressin material thus formed after t e ap lication of a binder thereto tothereby consolidate the material into a-composite mass of varying physical density throughout and having the grain of the material therein extending in a definite angular relation relative to the sur-- face ofv the body thus formed. a ,5. A device comprising. means for co'rru-' gating strips of flat material means adapted to bend the material edgewise into arcuate form, a winding chamber into which the 1aman a receiving head disposed within said. chamber and adapted to move the portion of the strip being wound in accordance with the rate of supp of said stripto the winding chamber. 6. device comprising, stri corrugatin means, means adapted to ben a corru to strip edgewise into arcuate form,'a rece1ving head, means for feeding the arcuate strip onto the receiving head, and means for rotat ing the receiving head in accordance with the rate of feed of the strip;

7. Apparatus for forming laminated bodies comprising, means for continuously corrugating a strip of frangible, fibrous mate ial transversely, means forcausingsaid stri to the body of assume an arcuate form, and means for winding said arcuate strip spirally on itself in face.

to face relation to form an annular body.

8. Apparatus for forming laminated odies comprising, means for contlnuously corrugating a strip of fibrous material transversely, means for causing said strip to assume an arcuate form, means for windin said arcuately formed strip spirally on itsel to form an annular body, and means adapted to compress said body. a

'9. Apparatus for forming laminated bodies comprising synchronized means for continuously corrugating a strip transversely, means for causing said strip to assume an arcuate form, means for winding said arcuatestrip spirally on itself to form an annular body, means for rotating said annular body in accordance with the rate of winding said strip.-

10. Ap aratus for forming annular laminated bo ies comprising means for continuously eorrugating the strip transversely, means registering with the r cdl'lll tions adapted to engage said strip at aplura ityof spaced intervals, means for causing said-strip to assume an arcuate form, and means for feeding said" arcuately formed strip spirally on itself to build up an annular body, sa1d corrugatin means and said winding means being sync ronized in their operation. 11. Ina strip winding machine, the combination of a corrugating surface, a feed chain associated therewith having fingers ada ted to engage a strip of material at interva s along its length and to pro e1 thestrip of material along the guide sur ace to edgewise arcuate form and to deliver said strip from said conv yor to a winding chamber, and a receivin head in said chamber adapted to be rotate in accordance with the rate of feed of the strip' through the chamber.

12. The method of forming an annular body from a stri of relatively frangible fibrous material w ich consists in corrugating said strip, positively holding the apices of the corrugations along one ed e of said stri in predetermined spaced re ationship, ben ing the strip edgewise to the desired radius of curvature of the annulus to be formed while maintaining the strip substantially in the same plane, continuously wind ng said strip in superposed turns incontacting relation to form an annulus, and compressing said annulus to form a'composite annular body.

13. The method of forming an annular body from 'a strip of relatively frangible mg the strip substantially in the same plane and while positively holding the apices of the bends along one 'e ge'of said strip in predetermined spaced relationship, continuously winding said strip in contacting face to face mechanism, a guide relation to form an annulus, andcompressing said material to form a composite annular laminated body.

14. Apparatus for forming an annular laminated body from a strip of relatively frangible fibrous material which comprises, in combination, a guide surface, .sprocket wheels, an endless feed chain composed of a series of'pivoted links and having fingers extending outwardly therefrom and adapted to engage the strip of material at intervals along its length and to propel this strip of material along the guide surface around a portion of one of said sprocket wheels to thereby bend the strip edgewise to annular form.

15. In a strip winding machine, the combination of a corrugating mechanism for transversel corru atin astri of fibrous 'mate- 4 rial. an endless feed chain comprising a series of pivoted links, fingers carried by certain of said links and adapted toengage the transverse corrugations of the strip, a pair of sprocket wheels for driving said chain, said fingers extending outwardly from the chain and being adapted to engage the transverse corrugations of the strip whereby said fingers will assume a radial position when the chain is passing around one of the sprocket wheels and thereby spread the outer portions of the corrugations of the strip, thus causing (the strip to assume an arcuate form. I 16. The method of .forming an annular body from a flat strip of fibrous material, which consists in corrugating said strip, positively holding the apices ofthe corrugations of said strip along one edge in predetermined spaced relationship and in the same plane while bending said strip edgewise to the desired radius of curvature of the annulus being formed, and while separating the apices of the corrugations of the strip along the other edge of the strip whereby the strip assumes an arcuate form, continuously winding said strip in superposed turns in contacting relation to form an annular body and compressing said annular body.

17. The method of forming an annular body from a strip of relatively frangible fibrous material having the grain disposed substantially transversely of the strip, which consists in corrugating said strip, positively holding the apices of the corrugations along consists in corrugating the strip, positively holding the apices along one edge of said strip in predetermined spaced relationship while positively spreading the apices of the corruform an annulus, and compressing said annulus to form a composite annular body.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiixmy signature.

. WILLIAM T. HEN SL'EY.

one edge of said strip in predetermined spaced relationship while bending the strip edgewise to the desired radius of curvature of the annulus to be formed, and continuously winding said strlp in superposed turns in contacting relation to form an annulus with the grain disposed substantially radially of the annulus, and compressing the annulus to form a. composite annular body.

18. The method of forming an annular body from a fiat strip of'relatively frangible.

fibrous material having the grain disposed in a predetermined annular direction, which 

